查看本地镜像
docker images 可以查看下载至本地的镜像
格式：
docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
常用选项：
-q, --quiet Only show numeric IDs
-a, --all Show all images (default hides intermediate images)
--digests Show digests
--no-trunc Don't truncate output执行结果的显示信息说明：
REPOSITORY #镜像所属的仓库名称
TAG #镜像版本号（标识符），默认为latest
IMAGE ID #镜像唯一ID标示
CREATED #镜像创建时间
VIRTUAL SIZE #镜像的大小范例：
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine 3.11.3 e7d92cdc71fe 7 days ago 5.59MB
centos centos8.1.1911 470671670cac 7 days ago 237MB
busybox latest 6d5fcfe5ff17 4 weeks ago 1.22MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 12 months ago 1.84kB
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images -q
e7d92cdc71fe
470671670cac
6d5fcfe5ff17
fce289e99eb9
#只查看指定REPOSITORY的镜像
[root@centos8 ~]#podman images localhost/alpine-base
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
localhost/alpine-base 3.11 69abbff7bed9 37 minutes ago 5.87 MB
#查看指定镜像的信息
[root@centos8 ~]#podman image inspect alpine
[
{
"Id": "e7d92cdc71feacf90708cb59182d0df1b911f8ae022d29e8e95d75ca6a99776a",
"Digest": "sha256:ddba4d27a7ffc3f86dd6c2f92041af252a1f23a8e742c90e6e1297bfa1bc0c45",
"RepoTags": [
"docker.io/library/alpine:latest"
],
"RepoDigests": [
"docker.io/library/alpine@sha256:ddba4d27a7ffc3f86dd6c2f92041af252a1f23a8e742c90e6e1297bfa1bc0c45"
],
"Parent": "",
"Comment": "",
"Created": "2020-01-18T01:19:37.187497623Z",
"Config": {
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"/bin/sh"
]
},
"Version": "18.06.1-ce",
"Author": "",
"Architecture": "amd64",
"Os": "linux",
"Size": 5859847,
"VirtualSize": 5859847,
"GraphDriver": {
"Name": "overlay",
"Data": {
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/5216338b40a7b96416b8b9858974bbe4acc3096ee60acbc4dfb1ee02aecceb10/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/5216338b40a7b96416b8b9858974bbe4acc3096ee60acbc4dfb1ee02aecceb10/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/5216338b40a7b96416b8b9858974bbe4acc3096ee60acbc4dfb1ee02aecceb10/work"
}
},
"RootFS": {
"Type": "layers",
"Layers": [
"sha256:5216338b40a7b96416b8b9858974bbe4acc3096ee60acbc4dfb1ee02aecceb10"
]
},
"Labels": null,
"Annotations": {},
"ManifestType": "application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.v2+json",
"User": "",
"History": [
{
"created": "2020-01-18T01:19:37.02673981Z",
"created_by": "/bin/sh -c #(nop) ADD file:e69d441d729412d24675dcd33e04580885df99981cec43de8c9b24015313ff8e in / "
},
{
"created": "2020-01-18T01:19:37.187497623Z",
"created_by": "/bin/sh -c #(nop) CMD [\"/bin/sh\"]",
"empty_layer": true
}
]
}
]
[root@centos8 ~]#镜像导出
利用docker save命令可以将从本地镜像导出问为一个压缩文件，然后复制到其他服务器进行导入使用。
格式：
docker save [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
选项：
-o, --output string Write to a file, instead of STDOUT常见用法：
docker save IMAGE -o /path/file.tar.gz
docker save IMAGE > /path/file.tar.gz范例：
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx latest 5ad3bd0e67a9 3 days ago 127MB
alpine 3.11.3 e7d92cdc71fe 7 days ago 5.59MB
centos centos8.1.1911 470671670cac 7 days ago 237MB
centos latest 470671670cac 7 days ago 237MB
mysql 5.6.47 742f7d5a4104 10 days ago 302MB
mysql 5.7.29 b598110d0fff 10 days ago 435MB
busybox latest 6d5fcfe5ff17 4 weeks ago 1.22MB
hello-world latest fce289e99eb9 12 months ago 1.84kB
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker save mysql:5.7.29 -o /data/mysql5.7.29.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker save alpine:3.11.3 > /data/alpine.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#scp /data/mysql5.7.29.tar.gz /data/alpine.tar.gz 10.0.0.7:/data
The authenticity of host '10.0.0.7 (10.0.0.7)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:5bc0+A46C5m0zxT3WKIBg/i+oVUq9avVRjO9dy9gz2k.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '10.0.0.7' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@10.0.0.7's password:
mysql5.7.29.tar.gz 100% 420MB 32.2MB/s 00:13
alpine.tar.gz 100% 5728KB 39.1MB/s 00:00 镜像导入
利用docker load命令可以将镜像导出的压缩文件再导入
格式：
docker load [OPTIONS]
选项
-i, --input string Read from tar archive file, instead of STDIN
-q, --quiet Suppress the load output
范例：
[root@centos7 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
[root@centos7 ~]#docker load -i /data/alpine.tar.gz
5216338b40a7: Loading layer 5.857MB/5.857MB
Loaded image ID: sha256:e7d92cdc71feacf90708cb59182d0df1b911f8ae022d29e8e95d75ca6a99776a
[root@centos7 ~]#docker load < /data/mysql5.7.29.tar.gz
814c70fdae62: Loading layer 58.51MB/58.51MB
25575e327c84: Loading layer 338.4kB/338.4kB
61cb1c0dec27: Loading layer 10.44MB/10.44MB
955b4c88a6e8: Loading layer 4.472MB/4.472MB
fef9e518b701: Loading layer 1.536kB/1.536kB
cf6a13051478: Loading layer 46.15MB/46.15MB
2a60eb850753: Loading layer 34.3kB/34.3kB
265cbb07b679: Loading layer 3.584kB/3.584kB
5e2692f04e32: Loading layer 320MB/320MB
569004ea94bf: Loading layer 15.87kB/15.87kB
a5d0d78cfb76: Loading layer 1.536kB/1.536kB
Loaded image: mysql:5.7.29
[root@centos7 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine 3.11.3 e7d92cdc71fe 7 days ago 5.59MB
mysql 5.7.29 b598110d0fff 10 days ago 435MB
[root@centos7 ~]#范例：一次导出多个镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine latest e7d92cdc71fe 7 days ago 5.59MB
busybox latest 6d5fcfe5ff17 4 weeks ago 1.22MB
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker save busybox alpine > /all.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#ll -h /opt/all.tar.gz
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 7.0M Jan 25 22:12 /opt/all.tar.gz
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker rmi -f docker images -q
Untagged: alpine:latest
Deleted: sha256:e7d92cdc71feacf90708cb59182d0df1b911f8ae022d29e8e95d75ca6a99776a
Deleted: sha256:5216338b40a7b96416b8b9858974bbe4acc3096ee60acbc4dfb1ee02aecceb10
Untagged: busybox:latest
Deleted: sha256:6d5fcfe5ff170471fcc3c8b47631d6d71202a1fd44cf3c147e50c8de21cf0648
Deleted: sha256:195be5f8be1df6709dafbba7ce48f2eee785ab7775b88e0c115d8205407265c5
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker load -i /opt/all.tar.gz
5216338b40a7: Loading layer [==================================================>] 5.857MB/5.857MB
Loaded image: alpine:latest
195be5f8be1d: Loading layer [==================================================>] 1.437MB/1.437MB
Loaded image: busybox:latest
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine latest e7d92cdc71fe 7 days ago 5.59MB
busybox latest 6d5fcfe5ff17 4 weeks ago 1.22MB删除镜像
docker rmi 命令可以删除本地镜像
格式
docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
选项:
-f, --force Force removal of the image
--no-prune Do not delete untagged parents范例：
[root@centos7 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine 3.11.3 e7d92cdc71fe 7 days ago 5.59MB
mysql 5.7.29 b598110d0fff 10 days ago 435MB
[root@centos7 ~]#dockr rmi mysql
-bash: dockr: command not found
[root@centos7 ~]#docker rmi mysql
Error: No such image: mysql
[root@centos7 ~]#docker rmi b59811
Untagged: mysql:5.7.29
Deleted: sha256:b598110d0fffc42862269a25d8767dd95764d0740f318fd6c0a097f8a22de5bf
Deleted: sha256:908aaab4c4b8d0cbbc68c96a0e3820aa74fd1dee5499e2ca326bc8fd7312f689
Deleted: sha256:e2f2e83f295186b00e3c0d119ef3204b509d552972694e34cee7c1675d157b8a
Deleted: sha256:99b4e48b1be76f50741db02a38c783bf698b1b76808cc6bb5e3fdd65ee2897c6
Deleted: sha256:79c1efa7bde3ac754af64779452ca913fa1f281b44c9dbad25cc322a51ac69b1
Deleted: sha256:5f7c68324b959d2c806db18d02f153bc810f9842722415e077351bc834cc8578
Deleted: sha256:338fc0cd3fb4b87a2b83d274e8fbf475fbde19947c4ac5c5eb6e981a6fb0e8f0
Deleted: sha256:f7a4ccab931f1d1e861961eb951a7806d91ccb375e737fe1f84282f6bbafd2be
Deleted: sha256:f388e1092f8fb931a3cd07a7381bd9707d19526ff81f8b624e932f4919c27a3e
Deleted: sha256:e209b7a884b4d2e9d56bbac40ced48f2caa6a19e7ad6eb6dd20ff754f3af2c5d
Deleted: sha256:2401cf11c5455d505ef49657afcc709197ffcdfc9bd732508e9b62578a30b3a5
Deleted: sha256:814c70fdae62bc26c603bfae861f00fb1c77fc0b1ee8d565717846f4df24ae5d
[root@centos7 ~]#docker rmi alpine:3.11.3
Untagged: alpine:3.11.3
Deleted: sha256:e7d92cdc71feacf90708cb59182d0df1b911f8ae022d29e8e95d75ca6a99776a
Deleted: sha256:5216338b40a7b96416b8b9858974bbe4acc3096ee60acbc4dfb1ee02aecceb10
[root@centos7 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE范例：强制删除正在使用的镜像，也会删除对应的容器
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
b5a0d2e1e1d0 centos:centos8.1.1911 "bash" 41 minutes ago Up 41 minutes jolly_burnell
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker rmi centos:centos8.1.1911
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to remove repository reference "centos:centos8.1.1911" (must force) - container b5a0d2e1e1d0 is using its referenced image 470671670cac
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker rmi -f centos:centos8.1.1911
Untagged: centos:centos8.1.1911
Untagged: centos@sha256:fe8d824220415eed5477b63addf40fb06c3b049404242b31982106ac204f6700
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#
范例：删除所有镜像
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
<none> <none> 470671670cac 7 days ago 237MB
mysql 5.6.47 742f7d5a4104 10 days ago 302MB
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker rmi -f docker images -q
Deleted: sha256:470671670cac686c7cf0081e0b37da2e9f4f768ddc5f6a26102ccd1c6954c1ee
Deleted: sha256:0683de2821778aa9546bf3d3e6944df779daba1582631b7ea3517bb36f9e4007
Untagged: mysql:5.6.47
Untagged: mysql@sha256:9527bae58991a173ad7d41c8309887a69cb8bd178234386acb28b51169d0b30e
Deleted: sha256:742f7d5a4104969fcac8054cf9201f5656096f0a58d10947a4a41a8e1d7d9f91
Deleted: sha256:62530ddc9fe5f85609da4397d9e0a88b422d15dbc42664d7477d1deccb51a0d9
Deleted: sha256:41309d62590858b6375bd3c4e9d07bd73e4ea5062343a81641453033424e7aba
Deleted: sha256:43cb5cbfcce71f7fdd80b121aa4d0c5eea9ed0bfcf4a2a0e55a8c5ddb78d4368
Deleted: sha256:56806995b55c0e80ee0daec20f32f8293a3d8ccf151895cd1767a1d27eab1977
Deleted: sha256:7dab204c1f667de5090d809019fab7d6e2323e371407b38e8d311ba458009234
Deleted: sha256:1a7c2d06fdee90c4b06a55793f9e45120a82ff476e0fea5618efd8a268f7d303
Deleted: sha256:f7a4ccab931f1d1e861961eb951a7806d91ccb375e737fe1f84282f6bbafd2be
Deleted: sha256:f388e1092f8fb931a3cd07a7381bd9707d19526ff81f8b624e932f4919c27a3e
Deleted: sha256:e209b7a884b4d2e9d56bbac40ced48f2caa6a19e7ad6eb6dd20ff754f3af2c5d
Deleted: sha256:2401cf11c5455d505ef49657afcc709197ffcdfc9bd732508e9b62578a30b3a5
Deleted: sha256:814c70fdae62bc26c603bfae861f00fb1c77fc0b1ee8d565717846f4df24ae5d
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
镜像打标签
docker tag 可以给镜像打标签，类似于起别名
格式
docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG]TAG默认为latest
范例：
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine latest e7d92cdc71fe 11 days ago 5.59MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago 204MB
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker tag alpine alpine:3.11
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
alpine 3.11 e7d92cdc71fe 11 days ago 5.59MB
alpine latest e7d92cdc71fe 11 days ago 5.59MB
centos centos7.7.1908 08d05d1d5859 2 months ago 204MB总结：企业使用镜像及常见操作：搜索、下载、导出、导入、删除
命令总结：
docker search centos
docker pull alpine
docker images
docker save > /opt/centos.tar #centos #导出镜像
docker load -i centos-latest.tar.xz #导入本地镜像
docker rmi 镜像ID/镜像名称 #删除指定ID的镜像，此镜像对应容器正启动镜像不能被删除，除非将容器全部关闭
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