查看容器内部的hosts文件

容器会自动将容器的ID加入自已的/etc/hosts文件中，并解析成容器的IP

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -it centos /bin/bash
[root@598262a87c46 /]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost
::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters
172.17.0.2  598262a87c46  #默认会将实例的ID 添加到自己的hosts文件
[root@598262a87c46 /]# hostname
598262a87c46
[root@598262a87c46 /]# ping 598262a87c46
PING 598262a87c46 (172.17.0.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 598262a87c46 (172.17.0.2): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.118 ms
64 bytes from 598262a87c46 (172.17.0.2): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.085 ms
^C
--- 598262a87c46 ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 3ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.085/0.101/0.118/0.019 ms

#在另一个会话执行
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps 
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
598262a87c46        centos              "/bin/bash"         14 seconds ago      Up 12 seconds                           optimistic_wiles

指定容器DNS

容器的dns服务器，默认采用宿主机的dns 地址，可以用下面方式指定DNS地址

-将dns地址配置在宿主机

-参数配置在docker 启动脚本里面 –dns=1.1.1.1
-在/etc/docker/ daemon.json 文件中指定

范例：容器的DNS默认从宿主机的DNS获取

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#systemd-resolve --status|grep -A1 -i "DNS Servers"
         DNS Servers: 180.76.76.76
                      223.6.6.6
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -it --rm   centos bash
[root@1364f98c4227 /]# cat /etc/resolv.conf 
nameserver 180.76.76.76
nameserver 223.6.6.6
search magedu.com magedu.org
[root@1364f98c4227 /]# exit
exit
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

范例：指定DNS地址

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -it --rm --dns 1.1.1.1 --dns 8.8.8.8  centos bash
[root@ef9cacc74b58 /]# cat /etc/resolv.conf 
search magedu.com magedu.org
nameserver 1.1.1.1
nameserver 8.8.8.8
[root@ef9cacc74b58 /]# exit
exit
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

范例：配置文件指定DNS

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#vim /etc/docker/daemon.json 
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cat /etc/docker/daemon.json 
{
  "storage-driver": "overlay2",
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://si7y70hh.mirror.aliyuncs.com"],
   "dns" : [  "114.114.114.114", "119.29.29.29"]
}
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#systemctl restart docker
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -it --rm   centos bash
[root@7a2d8fac6f6b /]# cat /etc/resolv.conf 
search magedu.com magedu.org
nameserver 114.114.114.114
nameserver 119.29.29.29
[root@7a2d8fac6f6b /]# exit
exit

#用--dns指定优先级更高
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -it --rm  --dns 8.8.8.8 --dns 8.8.4.4 centos bash
[root@80ffe3547b87 /]# cat /etc/resolv.conf 
search magedu.com magedu.org
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 8.8.4.4
[root@80ffe3547b87 /]# exit
exit

容器内和宿主机之间复制文件

docker cp [OPTIONS] CONTAINER:SRC_PATH DEST_PATH|-
docker cp [OPTIONS] SRC_PATH|- CONTAINER:DEST_PATH
Options:
  -a, --archive       Archive mode (copy all uid/gid information)
  -L, --follow-link   Always follow symbol link in SRC_PATH

范例：

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker run -itd centos
1311fe67e6708dac71c01f7d1752a6dcb5e85c2f1fa4ac2efcef9edfe4fb6bb5
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
1311fe67e670        centos              "/bin/bash"         2 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds                            elegant_khorana

#将容器内文件复制到宿主机
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker cp 1311:/etc/centos-release .
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#cat centos-release 
CentOS Linux release 8.1.1911 (Core) 

#将宿主机文件复制到容器内
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker cp /etc/issue  1311:/root/
[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#docker exec 1311 cat /root/issue
Ubuntu 18.04.1 LTS \n \l

[root@ubuntu1804 ~]#

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